…Names US, Iraq, Iran, Russia As Key Culprits
Yemisi Izuora
Estimates from satellite data show global gas flaring increased to levels not seen in more than a decade, to 150 billion cubic meters (bcm), equivalent to the total annual gas consumption of sub-Saharan Africa.
The 3 per cent rise, from 145 billion cubic meters (bcm) in 2018 to 150 bcm in 2019, was mainly due to increases in three countries: the US, up by 23 per cent, Venezuela, up by 16 per cent and Russia up by 9 per cent.
Gas flares in fragile or conflict-affected countries increased from 2018 to 2019: in Syria by 35 per cent and in Venezuela by 16 per cent despite oil production flattening in Syria and declining by 40 per cent in Venezuela.
Gas flares, the burning of natural gas associated with oil extraction, takes place because of technical, regulatory, and/or economic constraints. It results in more than 400 million tons of CO2 equivalent emissions every year and wastes a valuable resource, with harmful impacts on the environment from un-combusted methane and black carbon emissions.
“Our data suggest that gas flaring continues to be a persistent problem, with solutions remaining difficult or uneconomic in certain countries,” said Christopher Sheldon, practice manager in the energy & extractives global practice, World Bank.
“The current COVID-19 pandemic and crisis bring additional challenges, with sustainability and climate concerns potentially sidelined. We must reverse this worrying trend and end routine gas flaring once and for all.”
When looking at all oil-producing countries, excluding the top four, gas flares declined by 9 bcm or 10 per cent from 2012 to 2019. In the first quarter of 2020, global gas flares fell by 10 per cent, with declines across most of the top 30 gas flaring countries.
Zubin Bamji, program manager of the World Bank-managed GGFR Trust Fund assured that the World Bank and GGFR are committed to working with governments and industry to end this ‘sticky’ problem.
“We are working in many of the highest gas flaring countries in the world, helping them develop policies, regulations and practices to end routine flaring. At the same time, we are garnering more commitments from governments and companies to end routine flaring through the Zero Routine Flaring by 2030 initiative. Now over 80 governments and companies, accounting for over half of the world’s routine flaring, have pledged to end this 160-year-old practice,” Bamji stated.
The data was released by the World Bank-managed Global Gas Flaring Reduction Partnership GGFR, which is composed of governments, oil companies, and international institutions working to end routine gas flares at oil production sites around the world.
GGFR, in partnership with the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and the Colorado School of Mines, has developed global gas flaring estimates based upon observations from a satellite launched in 2012.
The advanced sensors of this satellite detect the heat emitted by gas flares as infrared emissions at global upstream oil and gas facilities. A new and improved web-based application will map global gas flare data in a reliable, standardised way, and will be publicly available in 2022, with the support of the Oil and Gas Climate Initiative (OGCI).